3种SpringBoot全局时间格式化配置
时间格式化在项目中使用频率是非常高的，当我们的 API 接口返回结果，需要对其中某一个 date 字段属性进行特殊的格式化处理，通常会用到 SimpleDateFormat 工具处理，代码如下：
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| SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
Date stationTime = dateFormat.parse(dateFormat.format(PayEndTime()));
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这种操作频繁，还产生很多重复臃肿的代码，而此时如果能将时间格式统一配置，就可以省下更多时间专注于业务开发了
@JsonFormat 注解
部分格式化，因为@JsonFormat 注解需要用在实体类的时间字段上，而只有使用相应的实体类，对应的字段才能进行格式化
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| @Data
public class OrderDTO {
@JsonFormat(locale = "zh", timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd")
private LocalDateTime createTime;
@JsonFormat(locale = "zh", timezone = "GMT+8", pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
private Date updateTime;
}
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@JsonComponent 注解
使用 @JsonFormat 注解并不能完全做到全局时间格式化，所以接下来我们使用 @JsonComponent 注解自定义一个全局格式化类，分别对 Date 和 LocalDate 类型做格式化处理
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| @JsonComponent
public class DateFormatConfig {
@Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")
private String pattern;
@Bean
public Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder() {
return builder -> {
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC");
DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);
df.setTimeZone(tz);
builder.failOnEmptyBeans(false)
.failOnUnknownProperties(false)
.featuresToDisable(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS)
.dateFormat(df);
};
}
@Bean
public LocalDateTimeSerializer localDateTimeDeserializer() {
return new LocalDateTimeSerializer(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern));
}
@Bean
public Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer jackson2ObjectMapperBuilderCustomizer() {
return builder -> builder.serializerByType(LocalDateTime.class, localDateTimeDeserializer());
}
}
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实际开发中如果我有个字段不想用全局格式化设置的时间样式，想自定义格式怎么办，那就和@JsonFormat注解混合使用，@JsonFormat 注解的优先级比较高，会以 @JsonFormat 注解的时间格式为主。
@Configuration 注解
这种全局配置之后，jsonformat注解将不再生效
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| @Configuration
public class DateFormatConfig2 {
@Value("${spring.jackson.date-format:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}")
private String pattern;
public static DateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
@Bean
@Primary
public ObjectMapper serializingObjectMapper() {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
JavaTimeModule javaTimeModule = new JavaTimeModule();
javaTimeModule.addSerializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeSerializer());
javaTimeModule.addDeserializer(LocalDateTime.class, new LocalDateTimeDeserializer());
objectMapper.registerModule(javaTimeModule);
return objectMapper;
}
@Component
public class DateSerializer extends JsonSerializer<Date> {
@Override
public void serialize(Date date, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider provider) throws IOException {
String formattedDate = dateFormat.format(date);
gen.writeString(formattedDate);
}
}
@Component
public class DateDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<Date> {
@Override
public Date deserialize(JsonParser jsonParser, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException {
try {
return dateFormat.parse(jsonParser.getValueAsString());
} catch (ParseException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Could not parse date", e);
}
}
}
public class LocalDateTimeSerializer extends JsonSerializer<LocalDateTime> {
@Override
public void serialize(LocalDateTime value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers) throws IOException {
gen.writeString(value.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern)));
}
}
public class LocalDateTimeDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer<LocalDateTime> {
@Override
public LocalDateTime deserialize(JsonParser p, DeserializationContext deserializationContext) throws IOException {
return LocalDateTime.parse(p.getValueAsString(), DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(pattern));
}
}
}
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